- Infectious diseases expert Dr. Rontgene Solante confirmed the presence of STSS cases in the Philippines.
- However, the Department of Health (DOH) does not yet consider STSS a public health concern in the country.
- The DOH focuses more on risk communication efforts against other diseases like water-borne illnesses, influenza-like illnesses, leptospirosis, and dengue.
Streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS) is a severe illness caused by infection with certain strains of Group A Streptococcus (GAS) bacteria, also known as Streptococcus pyogenes. It is characterized by the rapid onset of shock and organ failure, and it can be life-threatening if not treated promptly.
Symptoms
- Sudden high fever
- Low blood pressure (hypotension)
- Rash
- Redness at the site of a skin infection
- Confusion or other mental changes
- Muscle aches
- Nausea and vomiting
- Diarrhea
Causes
STSS is caused by toxins produced by Group A Streptococcus bacteria. These bacteria can enter the body through:
- Skin wounds or abrasions
- Surgical wounds
- Viral infections, such as chickenpox or the flu
- Certain medical conditions, such as diabetes or heart disease
Risk Factors
- Chronic diseases like diabetes or heart disease
- Recent surgery or open wounds
- Immunosuppression
- Viral infections
- Injection drug use
Diagnosis
Diagnosis is typically based on clinical symptoms and laboratory tests, which may include:
- Blood cultures to identify the presence of Group A Streptococcus
- Imaging studies to detect areas of infection
- Blood tests to evaluate organ function
Treatment
Prompt medical treatment is crucial and typically includes:
- Intravenous (IV) antibiotics to fight the infection
- IV fluids and medications to maintain blood pressure
- Surgery to remove infected tissue if necessary
- Supportive care in an intensive care unit (ICU)
Prevention
Preventative measures include:
- Proper wound care and hygiene
- Timely treatment of infections
- Vaccinations for illnesses like the flu and chickenpox, which can increase the risk of STSS
Prognosis
With prompt treatment, the prognosis for STSS can improve, but the condition can be fatal. Mortality rates are higher in cases with delayed treatment or underlying chronic conditions.
If you suspect someone has STSS, seek immediate medical attention, as early intervention is critical to improving outcomes.
- Check the CDC website for more info: About Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome | Group A Strep | CDC
- About Group A Strep Infection | Group A Strep | CDC